Sarcopenia, frailty and their prevention by exercise.

Autores de INCLIVA

• 

  Marta Inglés De La Torre

  Autor

• Andrea Salvador Pascual

  Autor

• 

  Maria Carmen Gomez Cabrera

  Autor

• 

  Jose Viña Ribes

  Autor

Participantes ajenos a INCLIVA

• Nascimento CM
• Cominetti MR

Grupos y Plataformas de I+D+i

• Grupo de investigación en envejecimiento y ejercicio físico

  

  Leading Researcher

  Jose Viña Ribes

Abstract

Sarcopenia is a major component of the frailty syndrome, both being considered as strong predictors of morbidity, disability, and death in older people. In this review, we explore the definitions of sarcopenia and frailty and summarize the current knowledge on their relationship with oxidative stress and the possible therapeutic interventions to prevent or treat them, including exercise-based interventions and multimodal strategies. We highlight the relevance of the impairment of the nervous system and of the anabolic response (protein synthesis) in muscle aging leading to frailty and sarcopenia. We also discuss the importance of malnutrition and physical inactivity in these geriatric syndromes. Finally, we propose multimodal interventions, including exercise programs and nutritional supplementation, as the strategies to prevent and treat both sarcopenia and frailty.

© 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords

• Oxidative stress; Protein synthesis; Malnutrition; Proteins; Atrophy