Oxidative stress and metabolism meet epigenetic modulation in physical exercise

Fecha de publicación: 01/03/2024 Fecha Ahead of Print: 01/01/2024

Autores de INCLIVA

• 

  Jose Luis Garcia Gimenez

  Autor

• 

  Irene Canovas Cervera

  Autor

• 

  Federico Vicente Pallardo Calatayud

  Autor

Grupos y Plataformas de I+D+i

• Grupo de Investigación en Epigenómica y Epigenética traslacional

  

  Established Researcher

  Jose Luis Garcia Gimenez

• Grupo de Investigación sobre Fisiopatología celular y orgánica del Estrés Oxidativo

  

  Leading Researcher

  Federico Vicente Pallardo Calatayud

• Unidad de Espectometría de Masas

  

  Established Researcher

  Jose Luis Garcia Gimenez

Abstract

Physical exercise is established as an important factor of health and generally is recommended for its positive effects on several tissues, organs, and systems. These positive effects come from metabolic adaptations that also include oxidative eustress, in which physical activity increases ROS production and antioxidant mechanisms, although this depends on the intensity of the exercise. Muscle metabolism through mechanisms such as aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative lipid metabolism can produce metabolites and co-factors which directly impact the epigenetic machinery. In this review, we clearly reinforce the evidence that exercise regulates several epigenetic mechanisms and explain how these mechanisms can be regulated by metabolic products and co-factors produced during exercise. In fact, recent evidence has demonstrated the importance of epigenetics in the gene expression changes implicated in metabolic adaptation after exercise. Importantly, intermediates of the metabolism generated by continuous, acute, moderate, or strenuous exercise control the activity of epigenetic enzymes, therefore turning on or turning off the gene expression of specific programs which can lead to physiological adaptations after exercise.

Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords

• Oxidative stress; Redox homeostasis; Epigenetics; Physical exercise