Characterization of Early Peripheral Immune Responses in Patients with Sepsis and Septic Shock.

Autores de INCLIVA

• Rebeca Osca Verdegal

  Autor

• Jose Vicente Ferreres Franco

  Autor

• 

  Nieves Carbonell Monleón

  Autor

• 

  Federico Vicente Pallardo Calatayud

  Autor

• 

  Jose Luis Garcia Gimenez

  Autor

Participantes ajenos a INCLIVA

• Beltran-Garcia, Jesus
• Javega, Beatriz
• Herrera, Guadalupe
• O'Connor, Jose-Enrique
• Garcia-Lopez, Eva
• Casabo-Valles, German
• Rodriguez-Gimillo, Maria

Grupos y Plataformas de I+D+i

• Grupo de Investigación en Epigenómica y Epigenética traslacional

  

  Established Researcher

  Jose Luis Garcia Gimenez

• Grupo de Investigación sobre Fisiopatología celular y orgánica del Estrés Oxidativo

  

  Leading Researcher

  Federico Vicente Pallardo Calatayud

Abstract

(1) Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by an abnormal host response to infection that produces altered physiological responses causing tissue damage and can result in organ dysfunction and, in some cases, death. Although sepsis is characterized by a malfunction of the immune system leading to an altered immune response and immunosuppression, the high complexity of the pathophysiology of sepsis requires further investigation to characterize the immune response in sepsis and septic shock. (2) Methods: This study analyzes the immune-related responses occurring during the early stages of sepsis by comparing the amounts of cytokines, immune modulators and other endothelial mediators of a control group and three types of severe patients: critically ill non-septic patients, septic and septic shock patients. (3) Results: We showed that in the early stages of sepsis the innate immune system attempts to counteract infection, probably via neutrophils. Conversely, the adaptive immune system is not yet fully activated, either in septic or in septic shock patients. In addition, immunosuppressive responses and pro-coagulation signals are active in patients with septic shock. (4) Conclusions: The highest levels of IL-6 and pyroptosis-related cytokines (IL-18 and IL-1a) were found in septic shock patients, which correlated with D-dimer. Moreover, endothelial function may be affected as shown by the overexpression of adhesion molecules such as s-ICAM1 and E-Selectin during septic shock.

Keywords

• adaptive immune system; cytokines; immune mediators; immune response; immunity mediated by endothelium; innate immune system; sepsis